Configuration

When creating a Vault, operators set parameters that define how it operates — deposit capacity, MEV strategy, management roles, branding, and fees. Some are fixed at creation; others can be updated later by designated roles.

Immutable Parameters

Capacity and MEV strategy are immutable parameters set once during Vault creation.

Capacity

The maximum ETH a Vault can accept; if unset, deposits are unlimited. The cap is enforced on every deposit — transactions that would exceed it revert with a CapacityExceeded error. This is useful for matching Vault size to the node operator's infrastructure.

MEV Strategy

MEV (Maximal Extractable Value) is the extra profit validators can capture when proposing blocks. Vaults can use either a Smoothing Pool or Own Escrow to collect block rewards. This choice is set at creation and can't be changed.

Smoothing Pool

Rewards are pooled across multiple Vaults and distributed in proportion to each Vault's stake, providing more stable and predictable returns regardless of block proposal frequency.

For example, a Vault with only a few validators can still receive periodic small payouts from the Smoothing Pool. In return, when one of its validators does earn a block proposal reward, that reward flows to the Smoothing Pool to be shared among all participating Vaults.

Vaults that use the Smoothing Pool must set every relay to one of the StakeWise DAO-approved MEV relays. This ensures a consistently high contribution to the Smoothing Pool from every participating Vault.

Own Escrow

Each Vault keeps its own block rewards. Because nothing is shared, the Vault can pick any relay — targeting maximum value capture at the cost of higher variability.

Roles

Every Vault has several key roles for the internal management of the staking process. All are assigned by the Admin — through the Settings → Roles tab on the Vault page, or by calling the corresponding function on the Vault contract.

Admin

Primary controller of the Vault, and its creator by default. An Admin can be a single wallet, multisig, or DAO. The Admin's authority covers:

• Assigning and reassigning every role, including its own
• Updating the Vault's branding and fees
• Setting the fee recipient and shareholder splits
• Upgrading the Vault to a new contract version

Vault Fee Claimer

Triggers claims of accumulated Vault fees on behalf of shareholders.

By default a Vault's fees go to a single recipient. To split them, the Admin points the recipient at a Fee Splitter — a contract that divides incoming fees among multiple shareholders by their configured shares — set on the Vault page under Settings → Vault fee.

Whitelist Manager

Adds or removes the addresses authorized to deposit. Only present in Private Vaults.

Blocklist Manager

Adds or removes the addresses blocked from depositing. Only present in Blocklist Vaults.

Validators Manager

Authorizes the Vault's core validator operations — registration, funding, consolidation, and withdrawals. The Operator Service automates most of the validator lifecycle, and each on-chain action it submits must be signed by the address assigned to this role.

Settings

Branding and fees are configurable parameters updated by the Admin.

Branding

The Vault's name, description, and image. Set and updated on the Vault page under Settings → Branding. Updates go live immediately.

Vault Verification

New or updated Vaults carry an Unverified Vault label until the StakeWise team reviews and marks the Vault as verified. Stakers can be confident about the authenticity of this information, i.e., a Vault branded by Operator A is indeed controlled and run by Operator A.

Fee

A percentage fee charged on staking rewards, ranging from 0% to 100%.

Initially set during Vault creation and updated later on the Vault page under Settings → Vault fee, subject to protocol restrictions: each increase is capped at 20% relative to the current fee (e.g., a 10% fee can rise to at most 12%), with a 3-day delay between updates. If the current fee is 0%, it cannot exceed 1% on the first increase.

The fee is automatically deducted from rewards when the Vault state is updated, and transferred to the Vault's fee recipient.